What is the primary function of a network hub?

The primary function of a network hub is to send all traffic out to all connected nodes. A hub acts as a central connection point for devices in a network by receiving incoming data packets and broadcasting them to every other device connected to it. This means that when a device sends data, the hub does not evaluate where that data needs to go; instead, it forwards the data to all ports, allowing any connected device to receive it.

This broadcasting approach is fundamental to how hubs operate, as they do not have the intelligence to filter or direct traffic like more advanced devices, such as switches or routers. Therefore, the functionality of a hub is straightforward, operating purely on the principle of connecting devices and facilitating communication without any additional processing. This characteristic differentiates it significantly from devices that direct traffic only to the intended recipient or manage network traffic through other sophisticated means such as encryption or file storage.