What type of storage is described as non-volatile and recorded to a physical device?

The correct answer is non-volatile, secondary storage because this type of storage is designed to retain data even when the power is turned off. Non-volatile storage means that the information is saved on a physical device, such as a hard drive, solid-state drive, USB flash drive, or optical disc. These devices store data permanently or for an extended period, making them suitable for long-term data retention.

In contrast, primary storage typically refers to RAM (random access memory), which is volatile and requires power to maintain the information stored in it. Volatile storage loses all data when the power is turned off, which makes it unsuitable for long-term data storage. Temporary storage refers to data that is only needed for a short period and doesn't retain information after it is no longer in use. Thus, the option describing non-volatile, secondary storage is the most accurate representation of the storage type that is physically recorded and maintains data without the need for constant power.